Guides

Match the cap, pick brightness in lumens, then choose the colour of light for the room.

• Check the cap first: E27 screw, B22 bayonet, E14 small screw or GU10 two-pin.
• Choose by lumens, not watts. About 800 lm replaces an old 60W bulb.
• 3000K is warm, 4000K is neutral, 6500K is daylight white.
• Only use a dimmable bulb on a dimmer switch.

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Measure the ceiling hole, decide between wide and focused light, and pick the colour for each room.

• Measure the cut-out (the hole in the ceiling) before you buy a replacement.
• Downlights spread light; eyeball and track spotlights aim it at walls, shelves and displays.
• 3-colour (3CCT) models let you choose 3000K, 4000K or 6500K after installation.
• Bathrooms and covered porches need a moisture-rated (IP44 or higher) fitting.

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T8 or T5, tube or complete batten, and what to ask before changing an office or shop over to LED.

• T8 tubes are 26 mm across; T5 tubes are 16 mm. They are not interchangeable.
• Length matters: 2 ft (about 600 mm) and 4 ft (about 1,200 mm) are the common sizes.
• Some LED tubes need the old ballast or starter removed. Have an electrician rewire the fitting.
• A complete LED batten or panel is often simpler than converting an old fitting.

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Size the light by lumens and mounting height, check the IP rating, and decide on the beam.

• Floodlights light outdoor areas from a wall or pole; high bay lights hang from tall ceilings.
• Compare lumens, not watts. Datasheets list the lumen output per model.
• Outdoors, look for IP65 or IP66.
• Mounting height and spacing decide how many lights you need. Send us the area and height for a suggestion.

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Look past the headline wattage: the panel, the battery and the lumen figure decide how a solar light performs.

• The big wattage in a solar light's name is not the same as the light output. Compare lumens and the battery.
• A larger panel and battery give longer, brighter nights.
• Mount the panel where it gets direct sun for most of the day.
• Outdoors, look for IP65 or higher.

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Pick the blade size for the room, check the ceiling height, and choose between AC and DC motors.

• Bigger rooms need bigger blades: roughly 42 to 48 inch for bedrooms, 56 to 60 inch for living rooms.
• Keep the blades at least about 2.1 m (7 ft) above the floor.
• DC motor fans use less power and usually come with a remote; AC fans often use a wall regulator.
• Fans with lights need a suitable switch and wiring at the ceiling point.

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Malaysia uses the 13A three-pin plug. Choose by gang count, finish and series, and buy approved products.

• Malaysia uses the 13A square three-pin plug and socket (BS 1363 type).
• “Gang” is the number of switches on one plate; “way” means a switch that works with another for two-point control.
• Keep one series and colour per room so plates match.
• Look for approval marks such as SIRIM and the Energy Commission (ST) label on wiring accessories.

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Breakers protect cables from overload; RCCBs protect people from earth leakage. Here is how to tell them apart.

• An MCB trips on overload and short circuit. It protects the cable.
• An RCCB trips when current leaks to earth. It protects people from electric shock.
• An RCBO combines both in one module for a single circuit.
• Ratings: amps (e.g. 6A, 16A, 32A), poles (1P, 2P, 4P) and, for RCCBs, sensitivity (e.g. 30 mA, 100 mA).

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